Hydrocarbon motor



lll

s heater device to insure proper LIONEL Patented Oct. 16, I 1928.

y l UNITED STATES.

v,PATENT OFFICE.

COMPANY, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN A CORPORATION 0F MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

Application led October 18T, 1919. Serial No. 331,691.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly tocarburetors and mixture making and heating means.

One Aoi* lthe objects of the present invention is to provide 'anefficient means for heating the mixture passing from the motorcarburetor .to the motor cylinders..

Another object of the invention is to supply a properly proportionedmixture of gasoline, or other fuehand air to a combustion burning ofsaid mixture and the'consequent heating of the mixture passing from themain carburetor to the motor.`

Another object of the invention is to provide means for withdrawingmixture from the maincarburetor of the motor for a combustion heaterdevice adapted to heat the mixture passing from to the motor cylinders.l

Another object of the invention is to provide a check valve between thecarburetor supplying the combustion heater and the combustion heaterchamber, re into the carburetor. K

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel form of auxiliarycarburetor for supplying mixture to the combustion heater of ahydrocarbon motor. l

Other objects and uses of the invention will appear from takeninfconnection with the drawings which form a part of this specificationand 1n which Figure 1 is a vertical section through a carburetor andheating. device built in accordance with my invention; i

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the upper part of the device shown inFigure 1;

Figure 3 is a section similar to that oi Figure 2, showing another formof auxiliary carburetor and float chamber; and

Figure 4 is an enlarged transverse sectio on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.'

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents generally a carburetor adaptedto supply mixture to the cylindersof' a hydrocarbon motor. It comprisesa mixing chamber 11'at the outlet end of which is arranged a throttlevalve 12 which may be manually controlled to. thereby determine theamount of mxture which shall pass to the motor. The carburetor 10 alsocomprises a mixing tube 13 of venturiy form arranged .in the lower partof the chamber 11. A, fuel nozzle 14 the main carburetor to preventback-- the following description.

` take pipe -projects upwardly into the tube 13 an 1s supplied withgasoline or other liquid gliel through a passage 15 from a floatchamber,

16, in which chamber a float 17 controls a valve 18 througha pair ofsmall weighted levers 19. The chamber 16 receives the liquid fuelfrom asupply pipe 20 and the valve 18 controls a port 21 connectin the tube 2Owith the interior of the float camber. The upper opening in the floatchamber is closed by a removable cover 22 in` which the levers 19 aresupported as shown.

The main carburetor 10 also has main and auxiliary air intakes 23 and 24respectively, the former communicating with the. lower end of the tube13 and the latter communieatingl directly with the lower part of themixing chamber 11 which surrounds the tube 13.'

This form of carburetor as described above is in general use and isknown as the Pack..

ard carburetor. In operation the suction of the motor draws air throughthe intakes23 and 24 into the mixing chamber 11. Fuel is' also drawnthrough the nozzle 14 and mixes -with the air passing through the tube13.

In the upper part of the pipe25 is an l opening 26 and mounted directlover'this opening and secured to the inta e pipe, as by bolts 27, is acombustion heater device 28.

The adjacent wall of this device is cut away to form an opening 29opposite the opening 26 and a plate 30 of corrugated cross section isclamped between the device 28 and the inso that it forms a wall orseparation etween the interior of the intake and the interior oftheheater device pipe This corrugated wall permits of rapid transfer ofheat from the heater device to the gases in the intake pipe.

The combustion beater device has an inlet 55 check valve '48 which will31 and an outlet 32, at opposite ends, and screens 33 and 54 arearranged over the inlet and outlet respectively to preventbackiirethrough the inlet and to prevent fire 5 passing o1 t through theout-let. The screen 33 also assists in breaking up the mixture before itreaches the vicinity of the spark plug. The outlet 32 is connected tothe interior of the pipe or conduit 25 above the throttle valve 12 by apipe 35 so that the suction of the motor is communicated to the interiorof the heater device 28 and any burnt gases therein are carried into theconduit 25 to thereby heat the mixture passing l5 through said conduit.

The heater device 28 has anigniter, shown in the form of a spark plug36, the terminals 37 of which, Whenvconnected to a suitable battery,will supply a spark for igniting a mixture-in said heater device.

The heater device 28v is'also formed with an air inlet port 38 which maybe controlled either by a hand operated valve 39 or a spring controlledautomatic valve 40. The

valve 39 maybe operated alone, as by locking the valve 40 in inoperativeposition, or it may operate in conjunction with the valve 40 so that thevalve 39 will supply some air to the port 38` and the valve 40 willsupply ,30 additional air as the suction increases. Also the valve 39may be closed and the valve 40 only operated to supply air to the porty38. It will be understood that the air supplied through the port 38 willbe for the purpose of thinning the mixture supplied to the device 28 bythe meansV Hereinafter described.

Two independently operating means are illustrated in Figure 1forisupplying mixture to the combustion chamber of the heater device 28.v@ne of these means comprises va small or auxiliary carburetor 41 whichwill be formed` as an integral part of the casting of the float chamber16. An extension in the form of a well 42 isconnected to the interior ofthe float chamber and at one side thereof and a fuel nozzle 43 extendsupwardly from said well into an air chamber 44. Extending downwardlyinto the air chamber 44 and around the upper end of the nozzle 43 is anoutlet tube 45, the interior of which forms a mixing chamber 46 for theair and gasoline entering said chamber. An air port 47 ysupplies air tothe chamber '44 and the outlet 'tube 45 is provided with a preventbackfire into the carburetor.

The outlet 45 connects through a pipe 49,

a valve 50 and a pipe 51 with `the inlet 31 ofthe combustion chamber ofthe heater 28,

'6o the valve 50 being shown as connecting the pipes 49 and 51.

1t will be understood that the suction in the heater 28, due to theconnection 35 with the intake pipe, will draw mixture through the pipes49 and 51 from' theauxiliary carbu-l retor 41 and'this mixture will beignited by the igniter 36. It may be a richer mixture .30 to the mixturein the conduit 25.

The other means for supplying mixture to the heater 28 comprises a pipe52 which extends from the valve 50 into the mixing chamberll of thecarburetor 10 immediately above and across the top of the mixing tube13. This pipe 52 has a slot 53 in its underneath side, which slot islong and narrow as shown in Figures 1 and 4. Its length, however, issomewhat less than the interior diameter of the tube 13 so that itcatches only that part of the mixture passing through the tube which issubstantially in the middle part of the tube. That part ofthe mixtureusually comprises smaller particles of liquid fuel than the mixture nearthe wall of the tube so that the pipe 52 receives a small quantity fromthe b est part, of themixture passing through said tube 13. This slot orinlet 53 also accomplishes a further breaking up of the mixture as itenters the pipe 52.

When the valve 50 is turned to connect the pipe 52 with the pipe 51, themixture drawn from the tube 1 3 passes through the pipe 5.2 and the pipe51 to the inlet 31 of the heater device 28 where it is fired by theigniter 36 as hereinabove described.

' In Figure 3 an auxiliary carburetor of the 1 compensating type isillustrated. This carburetor is also formed as a part of the floatchamber 16 and has a well 54 which communicates through a restrictedport 55 with the interior of a fuel tube'56, which tube extendsdownwardly from a plug 57 and bottoms on a plug 5 8. The tube 56 is alsoarranged in achamber 59 having a port 60 connecting itwith the air spacein the upper part of the oatchamber 16, and the tube 56 `is also formedwith a series of ports 61 near its lower end. At its upper end the tube5.6 has outlet ports 62 and there is an air port 63 surrounding the tubeabove the port 60. The outlet .64 of the carburetor communi- Cates witha pipe 65 which corresponds to the pipe 51 of the form shown in Figure 1and of course leads to the intake 31 of the heater devicel 28. i

In operation, the carburetor shown in Figure 3 gives Va rich mixture forstarting and a less rich mixture for running conditions. When suction iscreated in the pipe 65 gasoline and air are drawn from the chamber 59receive'gasoline only through the restricted` port 55. Thereafter air isdrawn int-o the tube 56 through port 60, chamber 59, and ports 61, whichair mixes. with the gasoline .entering the bottom of the tube at theport 55. This forms an emulsion of gasoline and air which is furtherdilutedv by air which openings.

reaches the outlet 64 through the port 63. A vent 66 in the cover of theiioat chamber 16 supplies air to that chamber.

Other forms of devices than that shown may be made without departingfrom the. lspirit or scope of the invention.

Having lthus described my invention, what I claim and desire tosecure byLetters Patent is:

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a motor intake pipehaving an opening therein, of'a combustion heater-secured to said pipeand having an opening registering with the opening in said pipe, and acorrugated plate forming a Wall separating the combustion chamber fromthe interior of the intake pipe.

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a motor intake pipe.having an opening therein, of a combustion heater secured to said pipeand having an opening registering with the opening in said pipe, and acorrugated f plate arranged in said 3. In a hydrocarbon motor, thecombination with a motor intake pipe, of a combustion heater mountedthereon, and a corrugated plate connected' between the intake pipe andthe combustion heater. p

4. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a motor intake pipehaving a top opening, a combustion heater device mounted on said pipeover said opening and a plate set between-said pipe and device and form--ing `a. wall therebetween.

iis

5. In a carburetor for hydrocarbon motors, the combination with themixing chamber, a mixing tube, and a fuel nozzle in said tube, ofacombustion heater device arranged adjacent said mixing chamber, andmeans connected to said carburetor immediately above said tube forwithdrawing mixture from said tube and carrying it into said device.

6. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a carburetor and. intakeconduit,

of a combustion heater device mounted in heating relation to saidconduit, a conduit connected to said carburetor to withdraw 4mixturetherefrom and supply it to said 7. In a hydrocarbon motor, thecombination with a combustion heater device, of a carburetor forsupplying mixtureto said devicefand a check'valve between said car-.`

buretor and said device to prevent backfire- .Y

8. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a combustion heaterdevice, of two independently operating means for supplying mixture tosaid device, and means for connectingl either one or the lother of saidmixture supplying means to said device. 9. In a carburetor forhydrocarbon motors, the combination with the mixing chamber thereof, amixing tube, and a fuel nozzle in said tube, of a device for with-ldrawing a portion of the mixture from said carburetor comprising a pipeextending across said mixing chamber above said mixing tube and havingan opening to receive the mixture.

10. In a carburetor. for hydrocarbon motors, the combination with lthemixing chamber thereof, a mixing tube, and a fuel nozzle in said tube,of a device for withdrawing ya portion of the mixture from saidcarburetor comprising a pipe extending across said mixing chamber abovesaid mixing tube and having an opening to receive the mixture,saidopening being in the form of a slot of narrow cross Section.

11. In a carburetor for hydrocarbon motors, the combination with themixing chamber thereof, a mixing tube, and a fuel nozzle in said tube,of a device for withdrawing a portionof the mixture from said carburetorcomprising a pipe extending across said mixing chamber above said mixingtube and having an opening to receive the mixture,.said opening being inthe form of a slot extending along part only of the diameter of theinterior of Said mixing tube. 4

12. In a carburetor, the combination with the mixture passage thereinand the fuel inlet into the mixture passage, of a device for withdrawinga portion of the mixture from said carburetor comprising a plpe,extending across the mixture passage and having an opening towards thefuel inlet.

13. In. a carburetor, the combination with the mixture passage thereinand the fuel inlet into the mixture passage, of a device for withdrawinga portion of the mixture from said carburetor comprising a pipeextending across the mixture passage and having an opening towards andadjacent the fuel inlet.

14. In a carburetor, the combination with the mixture passage thereinand the fuel inlet into the mixture passage, of a device for withdrawinga portion of the mixture from said carburetor, said device extendingaCrOSS the mixture passagey and having its buretor and carrying it intosaidl device,

said means having its inlet opening substantially vertically above saidfuel inlet.

16. In a carburetor and motor intake conduit, the combination with themixture passagein the carburetor and lthe fuel and air inlets inthelower part of said passage, of a combustion heater device, and means forwithdrawing mixture from said carl buretor and carrying it into saiddevice, said ,supplying mixture to said device,

means having its inlet opening arranged substantiallyvvertically abovesaid fuel and air inlets.

17 In a carburetor, the combination with the mixing chamber thereof andthe fuel and air inlets at'the lower part of'said chamber, of acombustion heater adapted to draw its mixture from the carburetor andhaving its inlet opening therefor substantially vertically above thecarburetor fuel inlet.

18. In a hydrocarbon motor, the .combination with the intake conduit andthe carburetor foi` supplying mixture thereto, of a combustion heaterdevice `for said intake conduit, a pipe connected to said carburetor towithdraw mixture therefrom to supply said device, an auxiliarycarburetor for and means for connecting one of said mixture supplyingmeans tosaid device' and'disconnecting` the other, and vice versa.

19. lnga hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a carburetor and intakeconduit, of a combustion heater. device, a conduit connected to saidcarburetor to withdraw mixture therefrom and supply it through an inletto said device, outlet means from said device to the intake conduit, airadmission means between said inlet and outlet, and an igniter `in thedevice between said inlet and said air admission means.

20. rl`he method of producing heated. fuel mixture for internalcombustion engines which consists in causing the suction ofthe intakepassage to produce a delivery thereto of liquid fuel and air, divertinga sub jstantially xed proportion of said liquid delivery, combustiblycombining a flow of air withlsuch diverted fuel in proportions adaptedto maintain a clean-burning mixture and admitting the combustionproducts to thekvengine intake.

21. Means for producing heated charge mixture for internal combustionengines, comprising an intake Hpassage, means for producing an upward owof a mixture of liquid fuel and air therein, means for diverting asubstantially constant fraction of the liquid from said upward flow andmeans for admitting a proportional amount of air to .said liquid adaptedto produce steady burning of said fuel and means for delivering theproducts to said passage.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature..

LIONEL M wooLsoN.

